Thursday, May 31, 2012

Parks & Rec: Wellington with more than enough to offer | The ...

Moun?tain bik?ing, kayak?ing, canoe?ing, camp?ing, fish?ing, base?ball, hik?ing ? it?s all avail?able this out?door sea?son, and it?s all in Wellington.

Wellington?s Com?mu?nity Park, the MetroParks Reser?va?tion, and Find?ley State Park have upgraded and enhanced their facil?i?ties, trails, and recre?ational oppor?tu?ni?ties for villagers.

The Wet?land Mit?i?ga?tion Project allowed for the MetroParks to develop the Welling?ton Reser?va?tion in 2005. A once bar?ren flood plane has been trans?formed into a 550-acre park with free hik?ing, pad?dle?boat?ing, fish?ing and explor?ing on the shores of the 21-acre reservoir.

?There are parts of the park that peo?ple don?t even get to. I sug?gest peo?ple see the back loops and the restored prairie,? said con?ser?va?tion super?vi?sor and park man?ager Chris Grame, who has been with the park sys?tem for 18?years.

?It?s the largest lake in our park sys?tem,? Grame?said.

Many orga?nized activ?i?ties are also offered at the?park.

This June there will be a full-moon hike, yoga classes, nature hikes, youth explorer club, a kayak?ing float, fit?ness walks, and scrap?book?ing at the?park.

Res?i?dents can also par?tic?i?pate in the hik?ing stick pro?gram where explor?ers can com?plete six des?ig?nated hikes in four dif?fer?ent reser?va?tions to earn a stick or?pin.

Other than the inva?sive plants like bush hon?ey?suckle and autumn olive, Welling?ton Reser?va?tion is pre?pared for all the guests that come for the busy season.

Wellington?s Com?mu?nity Park has seen growth and improve?ment over the last cou?ple of years. Park?ing improve?ments, drainage, added fields and facil?i?ties have helped make Com?mu?nity Park more than just grass and slides.

?Teams come from all over the state and I always hear it?s some of the best facil?i?ties that I?ve seen. They are con?stantly improv?ing it,? said Mark Care?vic, orga?nizer of the Welling?ton Memo?r?ial Day base?ball tour?na?ment played at Com?mu?nity?Park.

With well-kept fields, the young play?ers have a place to compete.

?About 50-60 kids from Welling?ton will be play?ing,? Care?vic?said.

Being able to host the tour?na?ment is a shot in the arm for local busi?nesses as?well.

?With each team hav?ing around 50 indi?vid?u?als, you?re look?ing at 660 peo?ple. Add par?ents, sib?lings, etc., and the tour?na?ment brings around 2,000 peo?ple into Welling?ton. It?s a boom for the local econ?omy, gas sta?tions, gro?cery stores, restau?rants,? Care?vic?said.

The Splash Pad is now open at Com?mu?nity Park as well. The free, cool-off zone that goes through 5,000 to 7,000 gal?lons of water daily gives younger res?i?dents a chance to have wet sum?mer?time fun with?out the need for a?pool.

New addi?tions can also be found at Find?ley State?Park.

?We have a new 18 hole disc golf course, that used to be nine, but now is fin?ished. Also, a new boat ramp with lights,? said Ranger Bob Thuemling.

Find?ley State Park encom?passes 900 acres and a 93-acre lake.

For tent trekkers, the park has 273 camp?sites, with 91 hav?ing elec?tri?cal hookups.

For those look?ing to get on the lake, many options are available.

Elec?tric motor boat?ing is per?mit?ted, and vis?i?tors can also rent row?boats, kayaks and canoes at the beach/marina area.

With a valid fish?ing license, anglers can cast into a bass, bluegill and cat?fish filled lake.

The nine-mile moun?tain bike trail is a key attrac?tion as?well.

?Peo?ple come from all over to ride the moun?tain bike trial, from Penn?syl?va?nia, Michi?gan, Ken?tucky, all the sur?round?ing states,? Thuem?ling?said.

The park also offers time trail races and even an antique car show with around 500 automobiles.

?You can spend the whole week?end here. Pull in on Fri?day, bring enough food, and stay until Sun?day,? Thuem?ling?said.

Con?tact the?parks:

? Welling?ton Reser?va?tion, 535 Jones Road, 440-647-2509, www.metroparks.cc.

? Welling?ton Com?mu?nity Park, end of Johns Street, 440-647-3827, www.villageofwellington.com.

? Find?ley State Park, 25381 St. Rt. 58, 440-647-4490, www.findleystatepark.org.

by ADAM?FOX

Enter?prise reporter

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UN: Civilian deaths drop 36 percent in Afghanistan

Afghan policemen examine the remains of a damaged vehicle after it was hit by a road side bomb in Deh Bala district of Jalalabad east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Wednesday, May 30, 2012. Three district government employees were killed by a roadside bomb as they were traveling to work Wednesday morning in eastern Nangarhar province's Deh Bala district, said district chief Asrarullah. (AP Photo/Rahmat Gul)

Afghan policemen examine the remains of a damaged vehicle after it was hit by a road side bomb in Deh Bala district of Jalalabad east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Wednesday, May 30, 2012. Three district government employees were killed by a roadside bomb as they were traveling to work Wednesday morning in eastern Nangarhar province's Deh Bala district, said district chief Asrarullah. (AP Photo/Rahmat Gul)

Afghans look at a damaged vehicle after it was hit by a road side bomb in Deh Bala district of Jalalabad east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Wednesday, May 30, 2012. Three district government employees were killed by a roadside bomb as they were traveling to work Wednesday morning in eastern Nangarhar province's Deh Bala district, said district chief Asrarullah. (AP Photo/Rahmat Gul)

Afghans walk near a damaged vehicle after it was hit by a road side bomb in Deh Bala district of Jalalabad east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Wednesday, May 30, 2012. Three district government employees were killed by a roadside bomb as they were traveling to work Wednesday morning in eastern Nangarhar province's Deh Bala district, said district chief Asrarullah. (AP Photo/Rahmat Gul)

An Afghan policeman examines a damaged vehicle after it was hit by a road side bomb in Deh Bala district of Jalalabad east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Wednesday, May 30, 2012. Three district government employees were killed by a roadside bomb as they were traveling to work Wednesday morning in eastern Nangarhar province's Deh Bala district, said district chief Asrarullah. (AP Photo/Rahmat Gul)

(AP) ? The number of Afghan civilians killed has dropped 36 percent so far this year compared with last, the U.N. said Wednesday, the first time the death toll has declined over multiple months since the United Nations started keeping track.

The senior U.N. envoy for the country, Jan Kubis, called the trend promising but cautioned that too many civilians were still being caught up in the violence as insurgents fight Afghan and foreign forces.

Kubis' office said 579 civilians were killed in the first four months of this year, down from 898 killed in the same period of 2011. The number of wounded dropped from 1,373 to 1,216 in the January to April period.

James Rodehaver, a U.N. human rights officer in Afghanistan, noted the death toll has sometimes declined from month to month since the U.N. started tracking attacks in 2007, but never over such a sustained period.

The Taliban and their allies are responsible for most civilian casualties, according to U.N. figures. In the first four months of 2012, anti-government forces caused 79 percent of civilian casualties and Afghan and foreign forces 9 percent, Kubis said in remarks in Kabul. It was not clear who was responsible for the remaining 12 percent of the casualties, he said.

In a reminder of the dangers facing Afghans, a roadside bomb killed three district government employees on their way to work Wednesday in eastern Nangarhar province's Deh Bala district, said district chief Asrarullah.

Two NATO coalition service members also were killed Wednesday in southern Afghanistan ? one by a homemade bomb and the other by an insurgent attack, the coalition said, without providing further details.

The deaths raised the number of coalition troops who have died in Afghanistan this year to 174.

Kubis also urged the country's allies Wednesday not to neglect social and economic aid to Afghanistan as they commit to funding government security forces.

Afghanistan needs billions of dollars in international support to survive economically and avoid descending into further chaos as the U.S. and other countries in the NATO coalition seek to withdraw most of its combat forces by the end of 2014, both the Afghan government and its allies have said.

Kubis said he believes the $4.1 billion needed each year to support and continue training Afghan security forces starting in 2015 "will be reached and is achievable." The Afghan government is slated to provide just $500 million of that.

Last year, Afghanistan received $15.7 billion in aid, representing more than 90 percent of its public spending, according to the World Bank.

In the north, meanwhile, Taliban attacked a hilltop police post in Badakhshan's Warduj district late Tuesday, triggering heavy fighting that killed eight policemen and six militants, according to the provincial governor's spokesman, Abdul Maruf Rasikh. Two policemen and 11 militants were also wounded, he said Wednesday.

The Taliban claimed responsibility for the attack in a statement sent to reporters by the group's spokesman Zabiullah Mujahid.

Badakhshan province is relatively peaceful but has experienced periodic attacks. Two foreign doctors and their three Afghan colleagues were kidnapped last week in Badakhshan.

____

Associated Press writers Amir Shah, Rahim Faiez and Sebastian Abbot contributed to this report.

Associated Press

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Deals with banks stack fees on college students

(AP) ? It took Mario Parker-Milligan less than a semester to decide that he was paying too many fees to Higher One, the company hired by his college to pay out students' financial aid on debit cards.

Four years after he opted out, his classmates still face more than a dozen fees ? for replacement cards, for using the cards as all-purpose debit cards, for using an ATM other than the two on-campus kiosks owned by Higher One.

"They sold it as a faster, cheaper way for the college to get students their money," said Parker-Milligan, 23, student body president at Lane Community College in Eugene, Ore. "It may be cheaper for the college, but it's not cheaper for the students."

As many as 900 colleges are pushing students into using payment cards that carry hefty costs, sometimes even to get to their financial aid money, according to a report to be released Wednesday by a public interest group.

Colleges and banks rake in millions from the fees, often through secretive deals and sometimes in apparent violation of federal law, according to the report, an early copy of which was obtained by The Associated Press.

More than two out of five U.S. higher-education students ? more than 9 million people ? attend schools that have deals with financial companies, says the report, written by the U.S. Public Interest Research Group Higher Education Fund.

The fees add to the mountain of debt many students already take on to get a diploma. U.S. student debt tops $1 trillion, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.

Student loans have surpassed credit cards as the biggest source of unsecured debt in America, according to the CFPB, which regulates cards and private student lenders.

Among the fees charged by Higher One, according to its website, is a $50 "lack of documentation fee" for students who fail to submit certain paperwork. The U.S. Department of Education called the charging of such fees "unallowable" in guidance to financial aid officers issued last month.

Higher One founder and Chief Operating Officer Miles Lasater said in an email that the company takes compliance with the government's rules "very seriously," and officially swears that to the government each year.

"We are committed to providing good value accounts that are designed for college students," he said, and students must review the company's fee list when they sign up for an account. He cited a study commissioned by Higher One that declared Higher One "a low-cost provider for this market." The same study found that the median fees charged to the 2 million students with Higher One accounts totaled $49 annually.

Among the fees charged to students who open Higher One accounts: $50 if an account is overdrawn for more than 45 days, $10 per month if the student stops using his account for six months, $29 to $38 for overdrawing an account with a recurring bill payment and 50 cents to use a PIN instead of a signature system at a retail store.

Higher One has agreements with 520 campuses that enroll more than 4.3 million students, about one-fifth of the students enrolled in college nationwide, according to public filings and the U.S. PIRG report. Wells Fargo and US Bank combined have deals with schools that enroll 3.7 million, the report says.

Lane Community College's president, Mary Spilde, said in an interview that the real problem is a "lack of adequate public funding," which forces students to seek financial aid and colleges to find ways to cut costs.

"Many institutions are looking at ways to streamline and to do things that we're good at, which is education and learning, and not banking," Spilde said.

Programs like Higher One's shift the cost of handing out financial aid money from universities, which no longer have to print and mail checks, to fee-paying students, said Rich Williams, the report's lead author.

"For decades, student aid was distributed without fees," Williams said. "Now bank middlemen are making out like bandits using campus cards to siphon off millions of student aid dollars."

Students can opt out of the programs and choose direct deposit or paper checks to receive their college aid, but relatively few do. The cards and accounts are marketed aggressively using college letterhead and websites carrying the endorsement of colleges. Higher One also warns students that it will take extra days if they choose direct deposit or a paper check.

In the end, students feel locked into accounts before they have a chance to shop for a better deal, Parker-Milligan said.

He said that's especially tough for poor students who rely on food stamps and other social services. Those students budget down to the penny, and don't plan on paying a fee when Higher One's ATM runs out of cash, he said.

Offerings by financial companies vary by campus. Some issue checking accounts with debit cards. Others offer prepaid debit cards, which are similar to bank debit cards but can carry higher fees and offer fewer consumer protections.

Often, students' campus ID cards double as payment cards. At the University of Minnesota, TCF Bank issues cards that serve as school IDs, ATM and debit cards, library cards, security cards, health care cards, phone cards, and stored-value cards for vending machines, the report said. TCF also has branches on campus and 25-year naming rights to the football stadium. Its cards charge similar fees, the report says.

Having such visibility on campus is a big benefit for banks seeking exclusive access to an untapped group of potential customers. Many banks are willing to pay universities for the privilege.

Under its contract with Huntington Bank, Ohio State University will receive $25 million over 15 years, plus a sweetener of $100 million in loans and investments for the neighborhoods around campus, the report said. Florida State receives a portion of every ATM fee paid by a student, it says.

It's difficult to get a full picture of how much money the schools are getting because most of them refuse to release their contracts with banks. Only a handful were available to the authors of the report.

Ohio State and Florida State did not immediately respond to requests for comment. The National Association of College and University Business Officers, a trade group involved in the issue, did not respond to multiple requests for comment.

Lane Community College receives no payments under its contract with Higher One, Spilde said. Lasiter said Higher One does not "offer revenue sharing" to colleges that it partners with. However, Higher One does pay some universities under existing contracts, according to the U.S. PIRG report.

Campus card deals have become more popular in part because of recent legal changes that cut into the profits banks can generate from students.

A 2009 law banned credit cards given to students who had no way of repaying. It forced colleges to disclose deals with credit card companies and stopped some forms of marketing, such as offering students free gifts in exchange for obtaining a credit card.

Until recently, banks also made a lot more money from student loans. They extended federal aid to students, and also offered confusingly similar, higher-cost private loans alongside the government programs. Congress cut them out of the equation in 2010.

Neither change affected debit cards. As the recession forced states to slash higher education budgets, companies such as Higher One, Wells Fargo and US Bank approached colleges with an attractive proposition: The companies would assume the cost and hassle of handing out student aid funds, often paying for the privilege.

___

Daniel Wagner can be reached at www.twitter.com/wagnerreports .

Associated Press

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OmniVision's 12.7-megapixel OV12830 can shoot 24 fps photo bursts from your smartphone

ImageOmniVision has been on a bit of a tear introducing new mobile camera sensors this week, and its newest could well have the biggest impact on smartphones in the next year. The OV12830's 12.7 megapixels don't make it as dense as the 16-megapixel sensors we've seen, but it makes up for that with some mighty fast still photography. As long as the attached phone can handle it, the CMOS sensor can snap full-resolution photos at 24 frames per second, or the kind of relentless shooting speed that would make One X and Galaxy S III fans happy. The same briskness musters 1080p video at 60 fps, even with stabilization thrown in. Production won't start until the fall and likely rules out a flood of 12.7-megapixel phones and tablets until 2013, but the OV12830's dead-on match for the size of current 8-megapixel sensors gives it a good shot at becoming ubiquitous -- and guarantees that phones won't need a giant hump on the back for a higher resolution.

Continue reading OmniVision's 12.7-megapixel OV12830 can shoot 24 fps photo bursts from your smartphone

OmniVision's 12.7-megapixel OV12830 can shoot 24 fps photo bursts from your smartphone originally appeared on Engadget on Thu, 31 May 2012 01:51:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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When is it ethical to prescribe placebos?

When is it ethical to prescribe placebos? [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 30-May-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Michael Turton
turtonm@thehastingscenter.org
845-424-4040 x242
The Hastings Center

The American Medical Association's Code of Ethics prohibits physicians from prescribing treatments that they consider to be placebos unless the patients know this and agree to take them anyway. But this policy is not clearly the best way to protect or benefit patients, concludes an The American Medical Association's Code of Ethics prohibits physicians from prescribing treatments that they consider to be placebos unless the patients know this and agree to take them anyway. But this policy is not clearly the best way to protect or benefit patients, concludes an article in the Hastings Center Report. A commentary by two AMA bioethicists responding to the article also appears in the journal.

Placebos are commonly understood to be inert treatments, such as sugar pills, that have no pharmacological effect, but the AMA defines placebos more narrowly, as therapies that a physician believes lack a specific pharmacological effect on the conditions being treated. The physician's belief may or may not align with the prevailing medical view of a treatment. "There are borderline and controversial cases, such as acupuncture and antidepressants, in which individual physicians might reasonably disagree with the medical community's consensus about whether a treatment is an active treatment or a placebo," writes Anne Barnhill, a philosopher and bioethicist who is studying social work at Columbia University.

The article cites a recent poll of American internists and rheumatologists that found that a significant number of them admit to giving patients placebos without disclosing the therapies as such. While some placebo use is patently unethical providing a treatment that "has no scientific basis and is dangerous, is calculated to deceive the patient by giving false hope, or which may cause the patient to delay in seeking proper care" other uses of placebos are widely seen as ethical, writes Barnhill.

Some placebos might offer medical benefit to patients with certain conditions, Barnhill notes, and the limited available data suggest that placebos are more effective when presented as active treatments. As a result, she adds, some bioethicists have argued that an undisclosed placebo is the best available treatment for some patients. "If the best available treatment is sometimes an undisclosed placebo," she writes, "then the AMA's policy prohibits physicians from offering the best available treatment in some cases."

In addition to failing to benefit patients, the AMA policy may not meet two of its other goals: protecting patients' autonomy and their trust in physicians. The rationale for requiring physicians to disclose their belief that a treatment is a placebo is that patients need this information in order to give informed consent about whether to take the treatment. Informed consent is essential to patient autonomy. But it is unknown whether patients find this information relevant to their decision-making, Barnhill says, because "there's little data on patients' attitudes toward placebos."

Because of this lack of data, Barnhill also argues that the AMA policy does not help protect patients' trust in physicians. "The AMA seems to assume that uncovering undisclosed placebo use reduces patients' trust in physicians. But this is not a given," she writes. "When they uncover undisclosed placebo use, patients might conclude that their physicians are untrustworthy liars or quacks, or that their physicians do not believe that they are truly sick or, that their physicians are open-minded, cutting-edge, and savvy about mind-body connections."

Barnhill recommends that the AMA consider revising its policy on placebo use. If the goal is to protect patients from harm, safeguard their trust, and respect their autonomy, she says, then rather than requiring physicians to disclose their personal belief about whether a treatment is a placebo, the policy might require physicians to report on the medical community's consensus on the treatment's status.

In the same issue of the Hastings Center Report is a commentary by Bette-Jane Crigger, director of Ethics Policy for the AMA and secretary of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, which wrote its ethical guidelines on placebo use, and Matthew K. Wynia, director of the AMA's Institute of Ethics. Regarding Barnhill's recommendation that the placebo policy be based on professional consensus, rather than individual doctor's judgment, they write, "We'd be tempted to agree but, as in so much of medicine, it isn't clear that a strong consensus is actually possible here." How, they ask, should doctors distinguish between so-called impure placebos medications that have a pharmacological effect on some illnesses but not necessarily for the ones for which they are being prescribed from off-label prescribing?

Crigger and Wynia emphasize that the overarching intent of AMA policy is to encourage physicians to be honest with their patients. "If there is professional disagreement on how or whether a particular pharmacologic agent works, then patients deserve to know that," they write. "If a doctor holds an outlier view, then his or her patients deserve to know that as well.

###



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?


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When is it ethical to prescribe placebos? [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 30-May-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Michael Turton
turtonm@thehastingscenter.org
845-424-4040 x242
The Hastings Center

The American Medical Association's Code of Ethics prohibits physicians from prescribing treatments that they consider to be placebos unless the patients know this and agree to take them anyway. But this policy is not clearly the best way to protect or benefit patients, concludes an The American Medical Association's Code of Ethics prohibits physicians from prescribing treatments that they consider to be placebos unless the patients know this and agree to take them anyway. But this policy is not clearly the best way to protect or benefit patients, concludes an article in the Hastings Center Report. A commentary by two AMA bioethicists responding to the article also appears in the journal.

Placebos are commonly understood to be inert treatments, such as sugar pills, that have no pharmacological effect, but the AMA defines placebos more narrowly, as therapies that a physician believes lack a specific pharmacological effect on the conditions being treated. The physician's belief may or may not align with the prevailing medical view of a treatment. "There are borderline and controversial cases, such as acupuncture and antidepressants, in which individual physicians might reasonably disagree with the medical community's consensus about whether a treatment is an active treatment or a placebo," writes Anne Barnhill, a philosopher and bioethicist who is studying social work at Columbia University.

The article cites a recent poll of American internists and rheumatologists that found that a significant number of them admit to giving patients placebos without disclosing the therapies as such. While some placebo use is patently unethical providing a treatment that "has no scientific basis and is dangerous, is calculated to deceive the patient by giving false hope, or which may cause the patient to delay in seeking proper care" other uses of placebos are widely seen as ethical, writes Barnhill.

Some placebos might offer medical benefit to patients with certain conditions, Barnhill notes, and the limited available data suggest that placebos are more effective when presented as active treatments. As a result, she adds, some bioethicists have argued that an undisclosed placebo is the best available treatment for some patients. "If the best available treatment is sometimes an undisclosed placebo," she writes, "then the AMA's policy prohibits physicians from offering the best available treatment in some cases."

In addition to failing to benefit patients, the AMA policy may not meet two of its other goals: protecting patients' autonomy and their trust in physicians. The rationale for requiring physicians to disclose their belief that a treatment is a placebo is that patients need this information in order to give informed consent about whether to take the treatment. Informed consent is essential to patient autonomy. But it is unknown whether patients find this information relevant to their decision-making, Barnhill says, because "there's little data on patients' attitudes toward placebos."

Because of this lack of data, Barnhill also argues that the AMA policy does not help protect patients' trust in physicians. "The AMA seems to assume that uncovering undisclosed placebo use reduces patients' trust in physicians. But this is not a given," she writes. "When they uncover undisclosed placebo use, patients might conclude that their physicians are untrustworthy liars or quacks, or that their physicians do not believe that they are truly sick or, that their physicians are open-minded, cutting-edge, and savvy about mind-body connections."

Barnhill recommends that the AMA consider revising its policy on placebo use. If the goal is to protect patients from harm, safeguard their trust, and respect their autonomy, she says, then rather than requiring physicians to disclose their personal belief about whether a treatment is a placebo, the policy might require physicians to report on the medical community's consensus on the treatment's status.

In the same issue of the Hastings Center Report is a commentary by Bette-Jane Crigger, director of Ethics Policy for the AMA and secretary of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, which wrote its ethical guidelines on placebo use, and Matthew K. Wynia, director of the AMA's Institute of Ethics. Regarding Barnhill's recommendation that the placebo policy be based on professional consensus, rather than individual doctor's judgment, they write, "We'd be tempted to agree but, as in so much of medicine, it isn't clear that a strong consensus is actually possible here." How, they ask, should doctors distinguish between so-called impure placebos medications that have a pharmacological effect on some illnesses but not necessarily for the ones for which they are being prescribed from off-label prescribing?

Crigger and Wynia emphasize that the overarching intent of AMA policy is to encourage physicians to be honest with their patients. "If there is professional disagreement on how or whether a particular pharmacologic agent works, then patients deserve to know that," they write. "If a doctor holds an outlier view, then his or her patients deserve to know that as well.

###



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?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


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Acting in Unison Stirs Up Aggression

Head Lines | Mind & Brain Cover Image: May 2012 Scientific American MagazineSee Inside

Moving in unison can encourage aggression

Image: Ahmad Faizal Yahya/iStockphoto

In this groundbreaking adventure into the worlds of psychopaths, the renowned psychologist Kevin Dutton argues that there is a fine line between a brilliant...

Read More??

Military leaders have long known that marching in unison makes for a tight-knit platoon. Past research by psychologist Scott Wiltermuth of the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business suggests that this cooperation emerges when the group members? emotions are aligned. Now he finds such synchrony can also encourage aggression, according to a study published in January in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology.

Wiltermuth and his colleagues assigned subjects to groups. The researchers gave each group a set of cups and taught them a choreographed cup-moving routine that they would perform later to music. To create an atmosphere of competition, the researchers tasked them with memorizing a list of cities?they would be tested later, and the highest-scoring groups could win $50. Then all participants put on headphones and performed the cup routine in time to the music they heard. In some groups, participants ended up moving the cups in sync with one another; in other groups, each subject heard music with varying beats and could not coordinate with other participants. After completing the cup activity, the researchers told each group they could select the music a different group would hear during its cup-moving routine. One of the options was a loud, aggravating blast of static. Teams that had moved in sync were more likely to choose the noxious noise than those that had been out of sync. A more tightly knit team, it seems, is a fiercer foe.

In a companion study, to be published in Social Influence, Wiltermuth found that members of an in-sync group were also more destructive. The groups were given live pill bugs and told to shoo them into boxes described as ?exter?minators? (in reality, the boxes held the bugs unharmed). When prompted by a leader, those that had moved in sync earlier drove 54 percent more insects into the extermination boxes than did out-of-sync control subjects.

Wiltermuth explains that these findings underscore the importance of questioning our actions and those of our leaders. ?We are doing things we wouldn?t otherwise do, because we feel an emotional connection to our team,? he says.

This article was published in print as "Emotions in Lockstep."


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Who picks your Georgia workers' compensation doctor?

By: Russell Keener ??? May 30, 2012

?

One of the first ques?tions I ask new injured work?ers is this: When you were first injured, were you given a phys?i?cal list of com?pany doctors?

Geor?gia law requires every employ?ers to give the injured worker a phys?i?cal list of doc?tors to choose from for their med?ical care. It?s called the ?Posted Panel of Physicians.?

Whether you were given that list tells you a?lot.

It is the first oppor?tu?nity to deter?mine whether this par?tic?u?lar employer or insur?ance com?pany intends to fol?low Geor?gia law. Since giv?ing you a list of com?pany doc?tors is required by law, if it is not pro?vided, you have to ask,?why?

The med?ical doc?tor in charge of your work injury is crit?i?cal to your case. You need a doc?tor who is on your side, not merely look?ing after the insur?ance com?pany or your employer. Insur?ance com?pa?nies and employ?ers know their favorite doc?tors and that if they can con?trol the med?ical care, they can con?trol their finan?cial expo?sure. Never mind the qual?ity of your?case.

A med?ical con?di?tion that is not fully diag?nosed can harm you and your case. You may be denied full med?ical care for injuries you are pre?vented from know?ing or fully under?stand?ing. Keep?ing you in the dark about the extent of your injury is one of the tricks employ?ers and insur?ers have suc?cess?fully used for?years.

Be sure you are involved in select?ing your doc?tor. Be sure you have a doc?tors who are look?ing after your best interest.

How?ever, just because the doc?tor seems nice, he may be a wolf in sheep?s cloth?ing. Some doc?tors start off appear?ing to be help?ful but end up destroy?ing your case. Know?ing which doc?tors are on your side and which ones have a his?tory of ulti?mately pro?tect?ing the employer and insur?ance com?pany at the expense of your full med?ical care is critical.

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Selecting Air Max Pas Cher Health Gear Which is Right For you.

So congratulations are in order. You are serious this time. Accurate, your physique hasn?t gone entirely south on you yet Nike Air Max and also you are only looking to drop about 8 lbs and organization up that employed to become three pack abs but your dedication is shining and vivid and also you want to obtain your self the newest and finest exercise equipment. Muddling by means of health and fitness equipment is often a workout of its own. According to television and print media studies, every little thing out there just isn?t only essentially the most effective and can provide you with all the quickest results, but it is also developed by some super scorching shot NASA engineer and requires-get this-no work on your portion! How wonderful is the fact that? All you have got to complete is spend $300 to $3000 around the latest and ideal and it is going to do the operate for you! I need to be committed for heading swimming 6 times per week.

So, we?ve already established that we cant truly Nike Air Max believe a whole mess of information and facts related for the huge amount of health and fitness equipment as it is advertised. The health sector is definitely one in the most profitable industries to get into. Men and women wish to be in much better form. They desire to look far better and younger, and getting in excellent form is surely one from the strategies to master that. But of course, that takes a devoted effort. Additionally, it takes an comprehension of one?s physique and just how your physique operates. Due to the fact heres the fundamental truth Air Max with regards to all that health and weight-loss equipment-it all works. It does. In the event you utilize it on a regular basis, you may see outcomes. The fundamentals of weight loss and conditioning are fairly basic. You might have to expend far more power than you consume, after which you?ve got to spend a bit time developing up the suitable muscle mass teams so that you can get some tone. Heres the tiny solution nobody ever before likes to explain once they are so active telling you about their wonderful product-people should strategy weight-loss and physical fitness with all the same attitude as something else. Personalization will get results. Your physique and my body run differently. So I could drop ten swift lbs by hanging out with all the cardiovascular gear three times a week though you may not see any results in any respect for weeks on end. Who desires that? Thats adequate to push you again to the sofa having a case of Krispy Kremes. By the way, whoever believed it absolutely was a great concept Nike Air Max to open up up a Krispy Kreme retailer anyplace inside a 50 mile vicinity of my home is just not on my Xmas list this 12 months.

Many individuals visit a private expert to assist them understand their very own body type and the way it functions in reaction to workout. But this could get pretty costly. Somewhat little bit of experimentation will get you on the correct track. It may not be as successful as speaking to a professional, but a few of us need to do what we are able to do, ideal? In everybodys daily life, you will discover occasions when weight-loss appears to be easier than others, even if in only miniscule amounts. Certainly, absolutely nothing drops the pounds off like some critically intensive oral surgical treatment, but had been seeking long phrase results with a lengthy expression strategy. Those who tend to drop off a little excess weight when theyre very active, operating right here and there and slap dashing via housework just to acquire it accomplished, are extra most likely to benefit from cardiovascular. Many people who?ve issues with cardio weight loss do improved by performing longer workout routines less often. Some people see results by undertaking half an hour daily even though other individuals benefit additional from doing ninety minutes three instances per week. There is no magic cure. Other individuals eat away their unused energy best once they bulk up somewhat oxygenated muscle mass and would do superior with excess weight lifting or resistance fitness gear as opposed to cardiovascular.

For those who are fifteen kilos Air Max chubby or less, one of the most standard rule rings correct on the consistent frequency. Use the equipment frequently and also the results will stick to. For those that are over 20 pounds overweight, results might be frustratingly gradual with this particular system, however the technique still functions. There is no short reduce to health. Youre going to need to break a sweat. Well developed machines will help you try this, and spending the capital on them can help keep you committed as no one likes to flush $500 on a machine that sits in a corner gathering dirt particles. The real effort, in spite of the truth the producer promised easy weight loss, needs to occur from you. It?s to become more than a passing thought or possibly a fantastic intention. Schedule your work out instances the same way you routine meetings together with your boss. Theres no excluding them. As soon as you receive these psychological hurdles conquered, you can pick out the machine or fitness equipment that you really feel will do your physique essentially the most very good when not having to remortgage the house.

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Arctic bacteria help in the search to find life on moon Europa

Wednesday, May 30, 2012

In a fjord in Canada scientists have found a landscape similar to one of Jupiter's icy moons: Europa. It consists of a frozen and sulphurous environment, where sulphur associated with Arctic bacteria offer clues for the upcoming missions in the search for traces of life on Europa.

It is not easy to find a place on Earth where ice and sulphur come together, supposedly like on Europa, Jupiter's moon. Nonetheless, this place has been located at Borup Fjord Pass in the Canadian High Arctic. Here the sulphurous yellow emissions contrast with the whiteness of the environment, creating images similar to those captured at Jupiter's satellite.

US researchers have now verified that the sulphur involved in the life cycle of Arctic microorganisms has some characteristics that could help to detect biological remains on Europa. Large space agencies like NASA and the European Space Agency are already in the process of preparing missions.

"We have discovered that elemental sulphur (S) can contain morphological, mineralogical and organic 'biosignatures' linked to bacterial activity. If they are found on Europa, this would suggest the possible presence of microorganisms," as explained to SINC by Damhnait Gleeson, lead author of the study and currently member of the Centro de Astrobiologia (INTA-CSIC, Spain).

The 'biosignatures' are associated with needle and rhomboid sulphur shapes in which mineralised remains of microorganisms and extracellular material appears. Thanks to electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques, the formation of a rare type of sulphur has also been observed in association with organic components: the rosickyite. What is more is that small quantities (parts per million) of protein, fatty acids and other biomolecules have appeared in the sulphurous material.

"There is much evidence of bacterial activity," highlights Gleeson, who wonder if in the Europa's icy crust, or the ocean or lakes supposedly beneath it, there could be a similar microbial community that uses sulphur as their source of energy.

The researcher conducted the study, which has now been published in the Astrobiology journal, as a member of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the University of Colorado in the USA. She is currently working as a scientist in the Centro de Astrobiologia in R?o Tinto (Spain), a place similar to Mars.

###

FECYT - Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology: http://www.fecyt.es/fecyt/home.do

Thanks to FECYT - Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Why gaming is good for you - Infendo

Harrison?On May 29, 2012 29.05.2012 with 0 Comments

Gaming is good for you (Infographic)

Between anti-gaming activist Jack Thompson being, well, Jack Thompson and the sometimes annoying concerns of ?violent video game controversies, our hobby that is the billion dollar video game industry has come under a lot of scrutiny. ?However, what some old school parents may not know, video games have done more good than harm to?society.

How so, you ask?

Well, the Internet?s Frugal Dad has compiled an lengthy infographic detailing how video games have been responsible for helping people with medical conditions, socializing, and even education. Some of theses facts may have been known beforehand (such as the correlation between Wii Fit and weight loss), but it?s still a great way to teach the positive effects of playing video games.

A few highlights from Frugal Dad?s findings:

  • Kids who played Tetris for 30 minutes a day for three months had a thicker cortex than those who didn?t play.?
  • Video games can improve early literacy in 4 and 5 year olds.
  • 76 percent of married couples said playing MMORPGs had a positive effect on their marriage.?

Click here to see the full image. Enjoy!

?

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Wednesday, May 30, 2012

Allstate Insurance ? Jeff Flanzraich

You are here: Home ? General ? Allstate Insurance ? Jeff Flanzraich

allstate insurance levittown ny Nobody likes to dwell on situations like car wrecks, flooding, home invasion, or death; but these things happen and we must be fully prepared for them. Allstate Insurance was founded in 1931 and has since become an national leader in automobile, home, and life insurance. People know to trust Allstate because of the thousands of intelligent, reliable, hard-working Allstate agents nationwide. By helping select the insurance plans that work best for each situation, Allstate agents always put the customer first. Find your local Allstate agent and learn more about our products and support. With Allstate, you will have peace of mind when the unthinkable happens. insurance quotes

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Palawan Publishing. Automotive Volumes. Straining The Bookshelf ...

Wednesday, May 30th, 2012??//??James Gent??//??Lifestyle??//??

I?m sure you?ll agree, no self-respecting petrolhead is truly worth their oil-caked soul unless their bookcase is straining with hardbound volumes of manufacturer/driver/vehicular biographies, photographic odysseys and dated car magazines. And let?s not forget the customary coffee table book either.

In this regard, Palawan (the British publishing outfit, not the island resort in the Philippines just FYI) has got the right idea. Take Racers, for example, a whopping 432 page odyssey detailing motorsport in the fifties, sixties and seventies through 300 photos and the memories of those who lived it.

The rose-tinted spectacles won?t get much downtime, since the volume in particular spotlights the racers of the breed, rather than drivers who were financially motivated.

You?ll find similar tales of by-gone days in Sixties Motor Racing, a chronicle of the decade intercut with behind the scenes stories and character development of the Stewarts, Hills and Clarks of the time. Let?s not forget exclusive photography too.

And for those of you who still have questions to pose on the Mercedes 300SL, you could check out Gullwing, a 400+ page march through the development, production, sale and rise to infamy of the aforementioned silver arrow. Spend an extra $310 and you could get yourself the two-volume Owner?s Edition.

Ah yes, an EXTRA $310. Don?t expect much change from your $600 for any of these limited edition volumes. Treat yourself by going for the leather-bound five book Sixties slipcase, for example, and you?ll be forking over the best part of two grand.

Sometimes straining the bookshelf requires straining the purse strings too.

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Djokovic, Azarenka reach 3rd round at French Open

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IAA SPOTLIGHT: GET TO KNOW ? OUNCE ... - Industry All Access

Ounce possesses the talent and musical passion to turn heads in the music industry with his charisma, astounding studio resume, and his street credibility all obtained at such a young age. Ounce began rapping at the age of nine participating in schoolyard battles and ciphers, to gain the respect of his peers. At the astonishing age of eleven, Ounce was also producing his own music. Although early on Ounce was often doubted as an emcee, the period after his middle school years played a major role in Ounce?s musical development which would ultimately lead to a career pursuing his passion.

Ounce started recording music as a secular artist, then became a Christian rapper, then transitioned into commercial distribution music. Ounce has performed in talent shows all across San Antonio, Texas, and has performed in clubs bars and venues all starting at the age of 14.

Ounce operating independently had great passion and understanding of music, yet lacked the proper management and direction. That never stopped Ounce from furthering his independent music career. Ounce knew that his faith in God, and his hard work ethic would one day pay off for him.

IAA: What city and state are you from?

OUNCE:? The city and state I reside in is, ?San Antonio, Texas? but I hope to one day expand my music outside of my home city and state.

IAA: ?What is your music background?

OUNCE:? As far as my music background goes, I started writing my own lyrics at the age of 9 and two years after that I started slowly learning how to produce my own music.? From then on, I fell in love with the talent that I found. I knew that one day I would be able to make a career out of being a Recording Artist/Producer. So, since then I have stayed persistent in learning how the music industry goes. As an Artist and a Producer, I have accumulated a lot of knowledge and a lot of experience at such a young age.

IAA: ?Why do you want to record and release your own music?

?

?OUNCE:? I want to record and release my own music because entertaining people is what I love to do. I also love showing my music to people who will take interest. My top goal as a recording artist is to make sure that my music will be heard by everybody especially the ones who are not hip hop/rap fans.

IAA: ?What are your songs about? (themes)

OUNCE:? My songs are about anything that people would want to hear. I am really open to hearing feedback on what my fans would like to listen to in a song.

IAA: ?Who is your fan base directed towards?

OUNCE:? My fan base is directed towards anybody who loves to hear music, especially the younger generation whom I love bringing to my fan base.

IAA: ?Who are your musical influences?

OUNCE:? My musical influences are Tupac, Eminem, Kaize Mind Productions, Bun-B and Pimp C of UGK, Jay-Z, Chamillionaire, Trae the Truth and ZRO.

IAA: How would you describe your music to people?

OUNCE:? I describe my music with love, hate, anger, sadness, happiness, and any other kind of emotion that music can make you feel.

IAA: What makes you stand out from other artist?

Sandra Ann Danielle Gaitan ? ?What makes you different is that you are dedicated to your music you don?t stop just because small or big trials and issues get in the way, ?you write about things people can relate too not just random topics.?

OUNCE:? There are many things that make me stand out from other artists, but one main thing is definitely my dedication and my strive in pursuing further into my career as an Artist and a Producer.

IAA: What are some upcoming projects you are currently working on?

OUNCE:? I am working on my first album which is called Prime Release, as well as various San Antonio high school mix-tapes. I am hoping that with these High School Mix-Tapes that the young crowd will feel a certain kind of acceptance knowing that a soon to be international artist recognizes the young generation of this day and age.

IAA: What are your career goals? Where do you see yourself in 10 years?

OUNCE:? My career goals are to be recognized by major record label companies and to one day become an international artist and tour around the world. I will not stop until I accomplish that goal.

In 10 years, I see myself becoming one of the greatest Recording Artists in music history. I plan to exceed past what my goals are and to use this talent of mine as a career that will make me a product that everyone around the world will want.

IAA: How can your fans access your music and contact you?

OUNCE:? You can visit the following sites to check out my music for FREE downloads or to stay updated on what?s going on with the movement:

1.????? www.Ounce.Musicblog.com?

2.????? www.vibedeck.com/ounce

3. ? ??www.reverbnation.com/ouncesworld

4.????? www.twitter.com/ouncesworld

5.????? www.facebook.com/ounceofparecords

6.????? www.facebook.com/ounceofpaentertainment

Contact Email: Ouncesworld@gmail.com

Booking Email: Ounce.musicinfo@gmail.com

?

?

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Government discount lending 'positive' - Commercial Finance Today

The UK government?s National Loan Guarantee Scheme (NLGS) has been hailed as ?very positive for finance? as two major banks? have utilised the programme to provide discounted asset finance deals.?Barclays Asset Finance has used the NLGS to provide a ?2.6m (?3.3m) finance deal to waste management and recycling company, Roydon Group.

Lombard, the asset finance division of the Royal Bank of Scotland, has also used the scheme to provide a ?250,000 facility to specialist glass manufacturer T4 Design.

Under the NLGS, which was launched by Chancellor George Osborne in March, the government will guarantee ?20bn of bank funding to lend to SMEs with a turnover of less than ?50m.

Participating banks can apply for government guarantees, which will allow them to raise funds at a lower cost, so long as they demonstrate they will pass on the benefits through to businesses by reducing the cost of business loans.

Both Barclays and Lombard have opted to pass on the benefit in upfront cash-back equivalent to the loan discount.

Imperative to invest

Wilf Sumner, director at Roydon Group, which is using the finance to purchase a custom-made waste-sorting machine, said: ?The 1% discount through the Barclays cash-back scheme equates to ?30,000 and is going to help us even further by funding some of the additional electrical works needed for the project.?

T4 Design invested the ?250,000 from Lombard in three specialist glass processing machines and in upgrading in the company?s IT infrastructure to handle the increase in capacity.

The deal, arranged by Charlotte Gabb, senior relationship manager with Lombard, included just over ?3,500 in cash-back.

Gabb said: ?The NLGS is one of the most positive things that has happened in the world of finance in a very long time ? it?makes such a difference to customers to be giving them a positive message.

?Most importantly,?it also helps businesses bring their buying plans forward so that they can invest in their growth.

?In order for a business to be innovative, productive and competitive, it is imperative for it to invest in cutting edge equipment.?

The inclusion of asset finance in the NLGS was welcomed by Stephen Sklaroff, director general of the Finance & Leasing Association, when the scheme was announced.

He said: ?This will help to ensure that the NLGS supports investment in plant and machinery and leads to new jobs.

?Around 750,000 small businesses already use equipment finance of this kind and it is very good news that businesses taking advantage of the NLGS discount will be able to choose the most appropriate kind of finance for their needs.?

Contributed by: Leasing Life

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Men in Black 3 movie review | Nerdage

on May 29, 2012M at 9:36 am

Josh Brolin and Will Smith in "Men in Black 3."

The Men in Black, a top-secret organization protecting Earth from aliens, returns in ?Men in Black 3.? Director Barry Sonnenfeld also returns for the third installment of the sci-fi action/comedy, based on the comic book series by Lowell Cunningham. Will Smith stars as Agent J, who became the partner of Agent K (Tommy Lee Jones) way back in the series? first installment, in 1997.

In the new film, the alien criminal Boris the Animal (Jemaine Clement) escapes confinement and travels back in time to prevent Agent K from apprehending him in 1969. Boris is a mass-murderer with eyes on further destruction: He wants to lead his hostile race of ravaging aliens to Earth, where it will be their latest conquest.

When the timeline changes, Agent J must also time-travel, back to the early days of the Men in Black program in 1969, to stop Boris from killing Agent K.

He meets the younger Agent K, played by Josh Brolin, and is coerced into revealing the truth to him. The two agents must work together to stop both Borises ? the one from 1969 and now the one from 2012 ? to keep the earth from being invaded.

Brolin is outstanding as the young K ? his mannerisms and method of speaking are eerily similar to Tommy Lee Jones as K. Brolin?s K has a little more hope, a little less world-weariness, but clearly appears as the same gruff, gravelly agent.

Smith plays Agent J with the same smooth cockiness he brought to two previous installments. Even if ?MIB 3? sees Smith and Jones going through the motions to some degree, they have the motions down. With this being Smith?s first film since 2008, there?s some joy simply in seeing the one-time summer box office champ return to the silver screen. And by making Smith?s J travel back in time to 1969, J is still the audience?s entry point to a strange new world. In this case, that strange new world is the 1960s (With aliens, admittedly.).

Michael Stuhlbarg (?Boardwalk Empire,? ?Hugo?) plays the wise yet childlike alien Griffin, who can see the various timelines that the agents could cause by their actions. Emma Thompson plays Agent O, the new head of Men in Black, and Alice Eve plays the 1969 version of O. Tulsa?s Bill Hader has a brief but funny appearance as Andy Warhol.

The time-travel elements will make your head hurt if you think about them too long, but the script keeps things moving quickly to prevent that from happening, at least while the film is rolling. The effects and design are great, and the 3-D is actually not distracting, for theatergoers who choose that option.

With ?MIB3,? the franchise improves from the misstep of ?Men in Black II,? but doesn?t surpass the original. Overall, ?MIB 3? is a fizzy summer concoction with some refreshingly familiar flavors.

? Matthew Price
From Friday?s The Oklahoman

?

MOVIE REVIEW

?Men in Black 3?

PG-13 /1:46 /2 ? stars

Starring: Will Smith, Josh Brolin, Tommy Lee Jones, Jemaine Clement, Michael Stuhlbarg

(Sci-fi action violence and brief suggestive content.)

If you enjoyed this post, please consider to leave a comment or subscribe to the feed and get future articles delivered to your feed reader.

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Side Effects: Dogs and Humans, Speculation and Science

[unable to retrieve full-text content]Two recent papers about the domestication of dogs take different approaches: one is data-rich, solid science, the other more speculative and inconclusive, seeking to prompt thought.

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Fighting US's worst teen pregnancy rate in Miss.

In this May 2, 2012 photograph taken in Marks, Miss., Shalendrick Tribble, 19, shows off a tattoo of her son's name in a classroom at Madison S. Palmer High School in Marks. Tribble had her son almost two years ago, and has been taking classes in parenting and family planning. (AP Photo/Laura Tillman)

In this May 2, 2012 photograph taken in Marks, Miss., Shalendrick Tribble, 19, shows off a tattoo of her son's name in a classroom at Madison S. Palmer High School in Marks. Tribble had her son almost two years ago, and has been taking classes in parenting and family planning. (AP Photo/Laura Tillman)

In this May 2, 2012 photograph taken in Marks, Miss., Shalendrick Tribble, 19, holds an early photo of her son, Malick, who is now almost two years old. Tribble has stayed in school despite the challenges of having a child at a young age. She hopes to be a cosmetologist one day. (AP Photo/Laura Tillman)

In this May 2, 2012 photograph taken in Marks, Miss., Madison S. Palmer High School Principal Carl Palmer talks about teen pregnancy in his office. Palmer says teen pregnancy is a dangerous cycle in the Mississippi Delta. This year, the state's schools will be required to teach sex education for the first time. Republican Gov. Phil Bryant has created a task force to address the issue. (AP Photo/Laura Tillman)

In this May 2, 2012 photograph taken in Marks, Miss., Willie B. Gilmore, right, director of the Delta Health Partners Healthy Start Initiative, and Debra McGee, a social worker with the Initiative, discuss the teen pregnancy crisis in the Mississippi Delta during a visit to Madison S. Palmer High School, one of several they visit on a regular basis. This year, the state's schools will be required to teach sex education for the first time. Republican Gov. Phil Bryant has created a task force to address the issue. (AP Photo/Laura Tillman)

In this May 2, 2012 photograph taken in Marks, Miss., Donyell Hollins, 18, holds a picture of her daughter, who is four months old. Hollins attends Madison S. Palmer High School in Marks, and is taking part in the Delta Health Partners Healthy Start Initiative to learn more about family planning and parenting. (AP Photo/Laura Tillman)

MARKS, Miss. (AP) ? With her hair in a ponytail and her smile quick and wide, it's hard to tell that high school junior Donyell Hollins has been pulling all-nighters for most of the semester to take care of her infant daughter.

Her situation isn't unusual in the small Delta town of Marks, home to one of the highest teen pregnancy rates in the state that leads the nation in the statistic. But unlike teen mothers in previous decades, 18-year-old Hollins is benefiting from a change in attitude that's paving the way for frank discussions about parenting skills, career goals and contraception.

Instructors from the Delta Health Partners Healthy Start Initiative come to Hollins' high school monthly to teach lessons that incorporate some of the newest theories on the relationship between poverty and teen motherhood. It's a far cry from decades past, when women in Hollins' situation were given little guidance and often left to drop out and languish.

Part of the goal is to change patterns of communication about sex that have persisted for years.

"I'm going to talk to her more about it, inform her," Hollins said of her 5-month-old daughter. "'Cause I didn't have that talk with my mom. I had to learn on my own."

The Delta Initiative, run through Tougaloo College since 1999, is a forerunner in the state's changing attitude toward teen pregnancy. Next year, a new state law will require schools to teach sex education, and they'll have more leeway in how much information they can incorporate about birth control. Schools previously had to get special permission to teach anything but abstinence. Delta Health Partners' classes are run independently of the school districts' curriculum, though they use classrooms at welcoming schools to make it convenient for the girls to attend.

Republican Gov. Phil Bryant has also created a task force to discuss ways to reduce teen pregnancy ? considered an important acknowledgement of the problem in a state where elected leaders were once loathe to discuss it.

Mississippi's teen birth rate declined modestly over the past decade as rates around the country fell. But Mississippi still has 55 births per 1,000 15- to 19-year-old girls, compared to a national average of 34.3, according to the most recent figures from the federal government's National Center for Health Statistics.

Experts say there was a culture of silence around the issue for decades in Mississippi, allowing the problem to build. Teen mothers were expected to drop out of school, or even leave town.

Delta Health Partners work in one of the poorest sections of the poorest state in the U.S. Recent research by economists Phillip Levine of Wellesley College and Melissa Kearney of the University of Maryland challenges the long-held assumption that pregnancy is a deciding factor in whether a young woman slides into poverty.

"If two identical people going down a path in life, did the one who had a baby do particularly worse?" Levine asked. "It's hard to find evidence that's true."

In the Marks classroom, more than a dozen girls told Delta Health Partners caseworkers about their plans to become nurses, pediatricians and cosmetologists.

When asked how their pregnancies have impacted their lives, 19-year-old Shalendrick Tribble said things are largely the same.

"There's just certain things at certain times you can and cannot do," she said.

"For me, it got harder," Hollins chimed in. "My mom, she helps me to a certain extent. But she's trying to make me responsible, so she makes me do everything."

It was clear from the girls' stories that life has become more complicated. Some parents gave them the silent treatment. Others had watched boyfriends promise support, and then ignore them when asked to take on the responsibility of fatherhood. They also told of friends who dropped out of school when they couldn't arrange childcare.

Delta Health Partners is not the only initiative aimed at addressing teen pregnancy. The Mississippi Department of Human Services lists more than two dozen resource centers that provide education on teen pregnancy, and some districts work with the girls to keep them in school.

States such as Idaho and Texas have public schools designed specifically for pregnant and parenting teens, which provide in-school daycare. Deborah Hedden-Nicely, head teacher at the Marian Pritchett High School in Boise, Idaho, says schools designed specifically for teen parents make a difference by pushing them to finish high school and go to college.

"Our mascot is a mortar board and a diploma," Hedden-Nicely said. "We have speakers who come in and tell them, 'yes, life is going to throw down roadblocks. You've got to get around them.'"

Advocates say that fighting teen pregnancy ultimately requires a lot more than sex education classes.

"It really circles back to education and job opportunities, it circles back to health care, to generational poverty," said Jamie Bardwell of the Mississippi Women's Fund. "These are all interconnected issues with lots of different players. Good people are working on it, but we have to realize for the teen birthrate going down, we need more than people talking about it. We need legislative action. We need more funding for this issue."

Research by Levine and Kearney underscores this message. When poor young women are pessimistic about their chances of reaching the next economic class, researchers say they tend to care less about whether they'll get pregnant.

The Delta Health Partners know they must fight this ambivalence and instill in the girls hope that they can accomplish their goals. To do this, they visit the girls both in 17 Delta high schools and at their homes.

A recent visit to Hollins' school, Madison S. Palmer High School in Marks, was the last day the case workers would see some of the girls in school before graduation.

Jodi Bailey, a nurse and case manager, read off some statistics to the students. Half of high school students who get pregnant don't graduate. Three in 10 girls in the U.S. will get pregnant before age 20.

"We want to keep you in high school, we want you to graduate and say 'I did it,'" Bailey said. "If you're having problems, we're here. We'll help you any way we can, OK?"

For its part, the Marks school district plans to adopt a curriculum to include more comprehensive sex-education, which will still emphasize the benefits of abstinence.

Some in the small town about 70 miles south of Memphis, Tenn., still think teen pregnancy should be addressed in the home, not the classroom. Harold Smith, a local evangelical pastor, said sex outside marriage is a sin and parents ? not educators ? should teach children to avoid it.

"You've got to spread the gospel," Smith said. "If they get a hold of God just right, they won't have (children)."

But limiting discussion to the home didn't work for Hollins: "I wish my mom would have talked to me more about sex."

That's why Delta Health Partners is seeking to change the pattern.

"You've got to do something different," said social worker Debra McGee. "You cannot keep doing the same thing and expect a different result."

Associated Press

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